Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women. In this type of cancer, the cells in the breast begin to grow uncontrollably, leading to the formation of a tumor. If left untreated in the early stages, it can be fatal. Breast cancer presents with several symptoms and has many risk factors, which contribute to its rapid spread among women. A recent study conducted by the ICMR (Indian Council of Medical Research) states that lack of sleep, stress, and obesity are the main causes of breast cancer.

What does the ICMR study say?
According to a report published in the Times of India, a large study conducted by the ICMR–National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research states that the main reason for the continuously increasing cases of breast cancer in India is lack of proper sleep, increasing stress, and obesity, especially around the abdominal area. The study also states that breast cancer cases in the country will increase at a rate of 5.6 percent every year, resulting in approximately 50,000 new cases of breast cancer annually.

This study extensively analyzed Indian studies published until December 22, 2024, to identify the main risk factors for breast cancer. After reviewing 1,900 scientific research papers, 31 studies were included. Various studies revealed several lifestyle-related risk factors that increase the risk of breast cancer, including poor sleep patterns, sleeping with the lights on, and high stress levels. However, the study also stated that being physically active can significantly reduce the risk of breast cancer.

Furthermore, the study identified abdominal obesity, also known as central obesity, as a major risk factor. Women with a waist-to-hip ratio of 0.85 or higher were found to have a significantly higher risk of breast cancer. Researchers said that after menopause, abdominal fat plays a more significant role in the development of breast cancer in women compared to their overall body weight. Moreover, family history is also included as a risk factor for breast cancer.
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Will Nanotech Injections Prove Effective in Breast Cancer Treatment?
However, the good news is that a new nanotech drug delivery technique has been developed for breast cancer treatment, which could prove to be a milestone in the future treatment of breast cancer. This drug has been developed jointly by IIT Madras and two Australian universities, Monash and Deakin University. In this method, the drug will be delivered directly into the breast cancer cells through a microscopic needle. Healthy cells will not be harmed in this process.

This nanotechnology injection delivery system packs the anticancer drug doxorubicin into special protective bubbles. Then, with the help of chip-embedded needle-like silicon tubes, it delivers the drug inside the cells. In this way, healthy cells remain safe.

According to Dr. Swathi Sudhakar, Assistant Professor in the Department of Applied Mechanics and Biomedical Engineering at IIT Madras, lab tests conducted on breast cancer cells showed positive results, in which the drug inhibited the growth of cancer cells. Along with destroying cancer cells, it also stopped the process of new blood vessel formation for the tumor.

Breast Cancer Treatment
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women, but if its symptoms are identified and treated in the early stages, the chances of survival increase significantly. Today, breast cancer has spread its roots everywhere, whether in rural or urban areas. In Chennai, breast cancer accounts for 28% of cases in women, cervical cancer 14%, ovarian cancer 6%, and corpus uteri 4%. Breast cancer is primarily treated with chemotherapy and radiation, but these treatment methods involve drugs spreading throughout the body, damaging non-cancerous tissues, and causing numerous side effects. In this context, a nanotech drug delivery technique has proven 23 times more effective than conventional drug administration. Dr. Sudhakar states that its efficacy was observed even at lower doses. According to the researchers, this new technology is reliable and could be developed on a larger scale in the future. It is also considered promising for clinical trials.

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